504 Plans vs. IEPs: What’s the Difference and Which One Does My Child Need?
Navigating the world of special education can feel overwhelming, especially when it comes to understanding the differences between a 504 Plan and an Individualized Education Program (IEP). Both are designed to support students with disabilities, but they offer different types of services and follow different processes. As a parent or caregiver, knowing which one your child qualifies for—and how to advocate for it—can make a big difference in their educational experience.
This post will break down the key differences between 504 Plans and IEPs, and help you determine which may be right for your child.
What Is a 504 Plan?
A 504 Plan is a formal plan developed to ensure that a student with a disability has equal access to education. It falls under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities.
Key Features:
Provides accommodations (not specialized instruction) in the general education setting.
Designed for students with disabilities that impact major life activities (like learning, seeing, walking, or concentrating).
Can support students with ADHD, anxiety, chronic health issues, physical disabilities, and more.
Examples of 504 Accommodations:
Extra time on tests
Preferential seating
Modified homework assignments
Use of assistive technology
Scheduled breaks during class
What Is an IEP?
An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a legal document created for students who qualify for special education services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).
Key Features:
Includes specialized instruction and related services tailored to the student’s unique learning needs.
Requires a comprehensive evaluation and eligibility determination.
Must include measurable annual goals and how progress will be tracked.
Examples of IEP Supports:
Speech or occupational therapy
Modified curriculum or smaller class settings
One-on-one or small-group instruction
Behavioral intervention plans
Aide support or social skills training
IEP vs. 504 Plans in special education
How Can Families Advocate for the Right Plan?
Advocating for your child’s needs starts with understanding your options. Here are some key steps:
Request an Evaluation: If you suspect your child may need support, you have the right to request a free evaluation from the school district.
Gather Documentation: Medical records, teacher reports, and private evaluations can all support your case.
Participate in Meetings: Be an active member of the team—ask questions, share your insights, and speak up if something doesn’t seem right.
Know Your Rights: You have legal rights under both Section 504 and IDEA. If you disagree with a school’s decision, you can request mediation, file a complaint, or request a due process hearing.
Get Support: Educational advocates, like those at One and All, can help you understand the process and make sure your child’s rights are upheld.
Every child deserves access to an education that meets their needs and helps them thrive. Whether your child qualifies for a 504 Plan or an IEP, both tools are designed to remove barriers and promote success.
At One and All, we’re here to guide families through the evaluation, planning, and advocacy process. If you have questions about your child’s rights, need help preparing for a school meeting, or want support building a strong advocacy plan, we’re here for you—every step of the way.
Need help navigating 504 or IEP meetings? Contact us today for educational advocacy and conflict resolution support.
